Geography

Location

The Aztec civilization at its height covered most of central Mexico and part of coastal Guatemala. A lot of the civilization was located in the Valley of Mexico, a highland basin. The Aztecs' first settlement was on an island in the middle of Lake Texcoco, which later became their capital city, Tenochtitlan.

Advantages of Location

There were several advantages of their location. First of all, the Valley of Mexico had a very good climate and fertile soil. This allowed very good conditions for farming. Also, their island settlement of Tenochtitlan had a rich source of food, provided fast travel and transportation, and was easy to defend.

Lake Texcoco